High Gain Yagi Antenna

Introduction

High Gain Yagi Antenna is an end fire antenna composed of an active oscillator (generally a reduced oscillator), a passive reflector and several passive deflectors in parallel. In the 1920s, this kind of antenna was invented by Hideki and Taro Ueda of Tohoku University in Japan. It is called "Yuda antenna", or "Yagi antenna" for short.

Composition

A typical Yagi should have three pairs of oscillators, and the whole structure is in the shape of "king". The active vibrator or main vibrator connected to the feeder occupies the middle of the three pairs of vibrators, and the one in the middle of the word "king".

A symmetric reflector that is slightly longer than the active oscillator is on one side of the active oscillator and plays the role of weakening the radio waves transmitted from this direction or transmitted from this antenna;

The deflector, which is slightly shorter than the active vibrator, is located on the other side of the active vibrator and can enhance the electric waves transmitted from or emitted in this direction. There can be many deflectors, each of which is a little shorter than its adjacent one close to the active oscillator.

The more the deflectors are, the sharper the direction is, and the higher the gain is. However, when there are more than four or five deflectors, this "benefit" increase is not obvious, but the problems such as large volume, increased deadweight, increased requirements for material strength, and increased costs are becoming increasingly prominent. Usually, a pair of five elements and eight trees (that is, three deflectors, one reflector and one active oscillator) is enough.

Advantage

Yagi antenna is really easy to use. It has good directivity and higher gain than dipole antenna. It is particularly effective for direction finding and long-distance communication. If equipped with elevation and azimuth rotation control devices, you can communicate with radio stations in all directions, including space vehicles, at will. This feeling is not available from the vertical antenna.

Working principle

The working principle of High Gain Yagi Antenna is as follows (taking the three element antenna reception as an example): the deflector is slightly shorter than half the wavelength, the main oscillator is equal to half the wavelength, the reflector is slightly longer than half the wavelength, and the distance between two oscillators is a quarter of the wavelength.

At this time, the inducer is "capacitive" to the inductive signal, and the current lead voltage is 90 °; The electromagnetic wave induced by the deflector will radiate to the main oscillator, and the radiation signal will lag by 90 ° after passing a quarter wavelength, which just counteracts the "leading" caused by the front. The two phases are the same, so the signals are superposed and strengthened. The reflector is slightly longer than half the wavelength and is inductive. The current lags by 90 °.

In addition, the radiation to the main oscillator lags by 90 °. The difference between the two is just 180 °. If one direction is strengthened and the other is weakened, there will be strong directionality. The process of emission state action is also the same.

Application&Feature

As a classic directional antenna, the High Gain Yagi Antenna is widely used in HF, VHF and UHF bands. It is fully called "Yagi/Yuda antenna", and its English name is YAGI. It was invented by Hideki Yagi, a professor of electrical engineering at the Northeast Imperial University of Japan, in the 1920s when studying short beams with his student, Shintaro Uda. Compared with the basic half wave symmetric dipole or folded dipole antenna, Yagi antenna has high gain, strong directivity, anti-interference, long operating distance, simple structure, easy access to materials, low price, small wind shield, light and firm, and convenient erection.

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