What is the waveguide connector types?

Screw and sleeve waveguide fittings

1. Screw sleeve type waveguide connector. It is composed of sleeve, sealing ring, auxiliary ring, propulsion ring, etc. Since the concentricity and flatness of the waveguide connection are guaranteed by the positioning surface, it not only has high requirements for its accuracy and finish, but also should be concentric with the waveguide tube shaft.

To connect, the two waveguide heads are first ground into the sleeve using the thread at the end of the waveguide and the middle of the sleeve. Then rotate the propulsion ring and put the propulsion ring up to the sleeve. Due to the rotation of the propulsion ring, the sealing ring is pressed inward under force, and the push ring is rotated as much as possible until the sealing ring is pressed.

2. Sleeve type joint. It is characterized by the fact that it does not require threaded connections, so it is particularly suitable for situations where the waveguide cannot be rotated. It is mainly composed of a flange concentric with the waveguide tube shaft, a sealing ring, a positioning ring, a pressure locking ring, etc., as shown in Figure 2. The straightness and concentricity of the waveguide connection are mainly ensured by the flange connected to the waveguide. Therefore, the flange must not only be concentric with the waveguide shaft, but also the end face should be perpendicular to its outer circle. In addition, in order to make the positioning ring and the pressure locking ring match, the outer circle of the positioning ring and the inner circle of the pressure locking ring have a certain taper.

When connecting, first snap the positioning ring to the flange concentric with the waveguide tube shaft, and then put the pressure locking ring on the positioning ring, try to push to the right, so the positioning ring under its pressure, through the bevel of the steps at both ends of its inner wall, the flange of the two connected waveguides is tightened. At the same time, the flange also presses the sealing ring to ensure the sealing of the waveguide.

The two types of joints introduced above, in addition to high strength, good sealing, small dislocation and inclination, also have the characteristics of simple structure, small outer diameter and convenient loading and unloading.

Flat joints and anti-flow joints

(1) Waveguide flat joint: because the waveguide wide surface has longitudinal current, precision processing is required to ensure the reliable contact of the two connection waveguide end faces, so it is difficult to manufacture, such as poor processing caused by poor contact, it will produce reflection at the connection, leakage power, and ignition in the case of high power. However, the advantage of this connector is the frequency bandwidth, so it is commonly used in microwave measuring instruments with low power and wide band.

(2) Waveguide anti-current joint: In order to overcome the problems existing in the flat joint, the form of anti-current structure can be adopted, and its working principle is achieved by using the impedance transformation of λ/4 wavelength transmission line. The mechanical connection surface of the joint is designed in the absence of longitudinal current, that is, on the open road surface, so the good contact of the connection surface will not have an impact, which is the anti-flow principle. According to the structure of the joint and the electric field distribution in the waveguide, the joint can be equivalent to two double-wire transmission lines, it can be seen that the two waveguides that need to be connected are not mechanically contacted, but have good contact in electrical properties.

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