How does an rf diplexer work?

The RF Diplexer is the main accessory of cross-frequency duplex radio and repeater, and its function is to isolate the transmitted and received signals to ensure that the receiving and transmitting can work normally at the same time. A typical duplex consists of six band-stop filters (notches), each resonating at the transmit and receive frequencies. Before the duplex is jointly debugged, it should be confirmed whether the working frequency of the duplex is consistent with the working frequency of the wireless telephone, and if the difference is large, it should be readjusted and re-debugged to avoid burning out the input high-amplification loop. The isolation of the duplex means that the isolation of the two equivalent band-stop filter terminals to the antenna end is comparable.

An RF diplexer is an electronic device used in the circuit of an RF communication transceiver to share the same antenna. This is important because transmitters are large, high-power signal devices, while receivers are extremely sensitive small signal devices. Without a duplex to isolate the receiver and transmitter and achieve low insertion loss for the receiver's antenna, the transmitter will become overloaded, and if they share the same antenna, the transmitter will most often cause damage to the receiver.

Duplexes come in different types. RF switches can be multiplexed in time to choose to connect, transmit or receive to the antenna. Circulators are electromagnetic three- or four-port devices that allow current to flow in only one direction due to the ferromagnetic effect in the ferrite material. Some materials, such as garnet, can be used as light circulators. Quadrature-mode converters are waveguide elements that use microwave RF signals for polarization, to separate the signals. They are used in terrestrial microwave and VSAT applications. Frequency duplexes are highly selective filters that allow signals to flow from the antenna to the receiver at the received frequency, but are highly dependent on the transmitter frequency. Highly selective filters must do this so that there is no outgrading of sensitivity due to loss of antenna-to-receiver path.

Base station transceiver filter and duplexer

Today's high-speed mobile networks and base station transceivers (BTS) typically use steep-edge filters to effectively suppress out-of-band signals to reduce external interference. Complex BTS components such as combiners, duplexers, and filters can reduce signal power by more than 11dB in stopband. Components to be tested operating in the LTE band must have a test frequency range of 3.8GHz, and the second harmonic above the carrier must also be measured during the final test phase.

Insertion loss

The insertion loss of the duplexer refers to the loss of the passband frequency point to the useful signal in the channel. Available formulas: 10LgPiPo or 20lgUiUo. where Pi, Ui represent the signal frequency or level entering the duplexer; Po, Uo represent the signal power or level coming out of the duplexer. It goes without saying that for the duplexer, the smaller the insertion loss, the better, especially for the transmission channel, the insertion loss is small, which is conducive to the improvement of the output power of the whole machine, the improvement of efficiency, and the reduction of the heat of the whole RF power amplifier.

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